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Titanium Dioxide is a substance characterized by its high refractive index. It is used in a variety of ways, primarily as a white pigment, because it is stable and possesses a high degree whiteness. In addition, it is harmles to humans.

It has been found that Titanium Dioxide can also be used as a photocatalytic to decrease and eliminate toxic organic materials. This is accomplished through the use of its oxidative capability. By utilizing clean resources such as ultraviolet ray from sunlight and artificial light, water and oxygen. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is known to have high deodorizing, anti-soiling and sterilization properties. The use and applications for these properties make the photocatalyst an ideal environmental product and are being recommended and expanded day by day.

A promising approach for remediating air quality contaminants is to employ photocatalyst that oxidize these compounds. By definition, photocatalyst is a catalyst that accelerates photoreaction. 

When photocatalyst is exposed to light in the presence of water vapor, two highly reactive substances are formed: hydroxyl radicals [OH] and a superoxide anion [O₂^-1]. It allows the oxidation of airborne VOCs and toxic organic matter into carbon dioxide and water at room temperature with UV or near-UV light source. It does not need a special energy and use only clean energy in ordinary life. Specific titanium dioxide has strong photo catalyst reaction. It has strong oxidation and decomposition strength.

Photocatalyst has the following advantages over any current air purification technologies:

• Real destruction of pollutant rather than a simple transfer on a substrate  

• Degradation of pollutant at ambient temperature and pressure

• Build with easily available materials and by mean of well-known techniques

• Economical, cheap and low energy consumption

• Adapted for a large range of pollutant (VOC, bacteria, mold)

Titanium dioxide, also known as titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO2. Approved by the food testing laboratory of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Titanium Dioxide is considered a safe substance and harmless to human. It is commonly used in paint, printing ink, plastics, paper, synthetic fibers, rubber, condensers, painting colors and crayons, ceramics, electronic components along with food and cosmetics. Many studies have been published on the use of titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst for the decomposition of organic compounds. After illuminated by light, titanium dioxide produces hydroxyl radicals, which react with the organic matters in the air to form non-toxic inorganic matters.

Titanium Dioxide molecules contain electrons that are confined to relatively narrow energy bands. The band of highest energy that contains electrons is the valence band, while the band lying above the valence band, i.e. the conduction band, has very few electrons. The difference in energies between the highest energy of the valence band and the lowest energy of the conduction band is termed the band gap energy. When a semiconductor absorbs a photon of energy equal to or greater than its band gap, an electron may be promoted from the valence band to the conduction band leaving behind an electron vacancy or “hole” in the valence band. If charge separation is maintained, the electron and the hole may migrate to the catalyst surface where they participate in redox reaction with sorbed species